Publications

Earnshaw, W.C. (1989). Meeting Review: The pinheads and fuzzbrains go haywire. The New Biologist 1: 260-265. PMID: 2487293

Earnshaw, W.C. & C.A. Cooke. (1989). Proteins of the inner and outer centromere of mitotic chromosomes. Genome 31:541-552. PMID: 2698830 DOI: 10.1139/g89-103 ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. & J.B. Rattner. (1989). A map of the centromere (primary constriction) in vertebrate chromosomes at metaphase. in Aneuploidy: Mechanisms Of Origin. B. Vig and M. Resnick, eds. Alan R. Liss, NY. pp. 33-42. [indexed in PubMed as: Prog Clin Biol Res. 318:33-42] PMID: 2483271

Eisenberg, R.A., Earnshaw, W.C., Bordwell, B.J., Craven, S.Y., Cheek, R. & N.F. Rothfield. (1989). Isotype analysis of the anti-CENP-B anticentromere antibody: Evidence for restricted clonality. Arthritis Rheum. 32:1315-1318. PMID: 2508644; DOI: 10.1002/anr.1780321019; FREE ARTICLE

Heck, M.M.S., Hittelman, W.N. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1989). In vivo phosphorylation of the 170 kDa form of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II: cell cycle analysis. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 15161-15164. PMID: 2549053; DOI: unknown; FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Ratrie, H. III & G. Stetten. (1989). Visualization of centromere proteins CENP-B and CENP-C on a stable dicentric chromosome in cytological spreads. Chromosoma 98:1-12. PMID: 2475307; DOI: 10.1007/BF00293329; ARTICLE

Wong, C., Kazazian, H.H., Stetten, G., Earnshaw, W.C., Van Keuren, M.L. & S.E. Antonarakis. (1989). Molecular mechanism in the formation of a human ring chromosome 21. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 86:1914-1918. PMID: 2648387; PMC286815; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.6.1914; FREE ARTICLE

Hoffmann, A., Heck, M.M.S., Bordwell, B.J., Rothfield, N.F. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1989). Human Autoantibody to topoisomerase II. Exp. Cell Res. 180:409-418. PMID: 2536610; DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(89)90067-0; ARTICLE

Heck, M.M.S. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1988). DNA topoisomerase II in chromosome structure and cell proliferation. in Varner, J.E., ed. Self Assembling Architecture. 46th Symposium of the Society for Developmental Biology. Alan R. Liss, Inc. N.Y. pp. 243-263.

Earnshaw, W.C. & M.M.S. Heck.(1988). DNA topoisomerase II: Facilitated degradation accompanies chromosome decondensation during early G1. in Cell Cycle Control In Eukaryotes. D. Beach, C. Basilico & J. Newport, eds. Cold Spring Harbor Press, pp. 176-183.

Earnshaw, W.C. & M.M.S. Heck.(1988). Cell biology of topoisomerase II. in Cancer Cells 6: Eukaryotic DNA Replication. T. Kelly and B. Stillman, eds. Cold Spring Harbor Press, pp. 279-288.

Earnshaw, W.C. & M.M.S. Heck. (1988). The ultrastructure of the mitotic chromosome scaffold: studies using whole mount electron microscopy and immunocytochemical techniques. in Adolph, K.W., ed.Chromosome and Chromatin Structure volume 3. CRC Press, Boca Raton. pp. 37-55.

Earnshaw, W.C. Mitotic Chromosome Structure. (1988). BioEssays, 9,147-150. PMID: 3071364; DOI: 10.1002/bies.950090502; ARTICLE

D’Arpa, P., Machlin, P.S., Ratrie, H., Rothfield, N.F., Cleveland, D.W. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1988). cDNA cloning of human topoisomerase I: Catalytic activity of a 67.7 kDa carboxyl-terminal fragment. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 85:2543-2547. PMID: 2833744; PMC280033; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2543; FREE ARTICLE

Wiener, E.S., Earnshaw, W.C., Senécal, J.-L., Bordwell, B., Johnson, P. & N.F. Rothfield (1988). Clinical associations of anticentromere antibodies and antibodies to topoisomerase I: A study of 355 patients. Arthritis Rheum. 31:378-385. PMID: 2833902; DOI: 10.1002/art.1780310309; FREE ARTICLE

Heck, M.M.S., Hittelman, W.N. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1988). Differential expression of DNA topoisomerases I and II during the eukaryotic cell cycle. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA)85:1086-1090. PMID: 2829215; PMC279709; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.4.1086; FREE ARTICLE

Shero, J.H. B. Bordwell, N.F. Rothfield and W.C. Earnshaw. (1987). Antibodies To Topoisomerase-I In Sera From Patients With Scleroderma. J. Rheumatol. 14: 138-140. PMID: 3039129

Rothfield, N., Whitaker, D., Bordwell, B., Weiner, E., Senecal, J.-L. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1987). Detection of anticentromere antibodies using cloned autoantigen CENP-B. Arthritis Rheum. 30:1416-1419. PMID: 3435569; DOI: 10.1002/art.1780301214 FREE ARTICLE

Cooke, C.A., Heck, M.M.S. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1987). The Inner Centromere Protein (INCENP) antigens: Movement from inner centromere to midbody during mitosis. J. Cell Biol. 105:2053-2067. PMID: 3316246; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.105.5.2053; (Featured in From the Archive, The Journal of Cell Biology 172, 329 (2006).) FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. (1987). Anionic regions in nuclear proteins. J. Cell Biol. 105:1479-1482. PMID: 3312230; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.105.4.1479; FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Machlin, P.S., Bordwell, B., Rothfield, N.F. & D.W. Cleveland. (1987) Analysis of anti-centromere autoantibodies using cloned autoantigen CENP-B. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA), 84:4979-4983. PMID: 2440036; PMC305230; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.14.4979;  FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Sullivan, K.F., Machlin, P.S., Cooke, C.A., Kaiser, D.A., Pollard, T.D., Rothfield, N.F. & D.W. Cleveland. (1987). Molecular cloning of cDNA for CENP-B, the major human centromere autoantigen. J. Cell Biol. 104:817-829. PMID: 2435739; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.104.4.817; FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. (1986). Mitotic chromosome structure 1984: an update. in Reeck, G., Goodwin, G. & Piugdomenech, P. eds. Chromosomal Proteins and Gene Expression. (1986), N.Y. pp. 55-75. ARTICLE

Heck, M.M.S. & W.C. Earnshaw (1986) Topoisomerase II: A specific marker for proliferating cells. J. Cell Biol. 103:2569-2581. PMID: 3025219; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.103.6.2569; FREE ARTICLE

Shero, J.H., Bordwell, B., Rothfield, N.F. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1986). High titers of autoanti­bodies to topoisomerase I (Scl-70) in sera from scleroderma patients. Science231:737-740. PMID: 3003910; DOI: 10.1126/science.3003910; ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Bordwell, B., Marino, C. & N. Rothfield. (1986). Three human chromosomal autoantigens are recognized by sera from patients with anticentromere antibodies. J. Clin. Invest. 77:426-430. PMID: 3511098; PMC423362; DOI: 10.1172/JCI112320 FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. & M.M.S. Heck. (1985). Localization of topoisomerase II in mitotic chromo­somes. J. Cell Biol. 100:1716-1725. PMID: 2985626; PMC2113864;  DOI: 10.1083/jcb.100.5.1716; FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Halligan, B., Cooke, C.A., Heck, M.M.S. & L.F. Liu. (1985). Topoisomerase II is a structural component of mitotic chromosome scaffolds. J. Cell Biol. 100:1706-1715. PMID: 2985625; PMC2113886;  DOI: 10.1083/jcb.100.5.1706; (Featured in From the Archive, J. Cell Biol.171, 758 (2005).) FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. & B. Migeon. (1985). Three related centromere proteins are absent from the latent centromere of a stable isodicentric chromosome. Chromosoma. 92:290-296. PMID: 2994966; DOI: 10.1007/BF00329812; ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. & N. Rothfield. (1985). Identification of a family of human centromere pro­teins using autoimmune sera from patients with scleroderma. Chromosoma 91:313-321. PMID: 2579778; DOI: 10.1007/BF00328227; ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Halligan, N., Cooke, C. and N. Rothfield. (1984).The kinetochore is part of the metaphase chromosome scaffold. J. Cell Biol. 98:352-357. (Featured in News and Views Nature 308:604-605) PMID: 6707096; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.98.1.352; FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. & U.K. Laemmli. (1984). Silver staining the chromosome scaffold. Chromosoma 89:186-192. PMID: 6201324; DOI: 10.1007/BF00294997; ARTICLE

Laemmli, U.K., Lewis, C.D., & W.C. Earnshaw. (1983). Long-range order folding of the chromatin fibers in metaphase chromosomes and nuclei. in Chromosomes and Cancer, eds. J.D. Rowley and J.E. Ultmann. Academic Press, New York. pp. 15-27.

Earnshaw, W.C. & U.K. Laemmli. (1983). Architecture of metaphase chromosomes and chromosome scaffolds. J. Cell Biol. 96:84-93. PMID: 6826654; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.96.1.84; FREE ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Rekvig, O.P. & K. Hannestad. (1982). Histones synthesized for use in early development of Xenopus laevis are stored as a complex antigenically similar to the octamer core of the nucleosome. J. Cell Biol. 92:871-876. PMID: 6979546; DOI: 10.1083/jcb.92.3.871; FREE ARTICLE

Laskey, R.A., Harland, R.M., Earnshaw, W.C. & C. Dingwall. (1981). Chromatin Assembly and the Co-ordination of DNA Replication in the Eukaryotic Chromosome. International Cell Biology 1980-1981. Schweiger, H.G., ed. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. pp. 162-167.

Harvey, J.D., Bellamy, A.R., Earnshaw, W.C. & C. Schutt. (1981). Biophysical studies of reovirus type 3. IV. Low-angle x-ray diffraction studies. Virology 112:240-249. PMID: 7245616; DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90629-2; ARTICLE

Laskey, R.A. & W.C. Earnshaw. (1980). Nucleosome assembly. Nature 286:763-767. PMID: 6250082; DOI: 10.1038/286763a0; ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C., Honda, B.M., Laskey, R.A. & J.O. Thomas. (1980). Assembly of nucleosomes: the reaction involving X. laevis nucleoplasmin. Cell 21:373-383. PMID: 7407918; DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90474-2, ARTICLE

Earnshaw, W.C. & S. Casjens. (1980). DNA packaging by the double stranded DNA bacteriophages. Cell 21:319-331. PMID: 6447542; DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90468-7, ARTICLE